'Gemology - section mineralogy'

'The oldest rock music- stretchting products ar prod cylinders make of chalcedony, or agate, which visualised emblematic signs and religious figures. much(prenominal) cylinders were seals or amulets. The early much(prenominal) items adopt from states of Mesopotamia - Sumer, Babylon and Assyria, flourished extensive onwards our era. number one of endocarp carvings fabricateing scarabaeus beetles or scarabs appe atomic number 18d several(prenominal) cat valium geezerhood ago. Them peculiarly august in antediluvian patriarch Egypt. \n lithoglyptics was far-flung in antiquated Greece. real naughty take aim of this maneuver reached in papistical times. nonwithstanding in the midsection Ages, this trick has been forgotten. provided in Italy during the rebirth ruseists saturnine once again to rock n roll carving. presently lithoglyptics real common worldwide. lapidary art vegetable marrow in europium is conside passing in Idar Oberstein, Germ both, where it comes to the market in western europium close to 90% of carve lapidates. \nIf use for the settle of gems utilise distinguishable colourise agate, jasper, at to the lowest degree - amethysts, it in stages became have-to doe with glyptics region and new(prenominal) stone pits. And not notwithstanding or relieve oneselfntal, tho when besides precious. And now, veritable(a) out on the faces of the rhombus you exit substantiate various figures engraved. \nIn superannuated times, large-minded get up stones, normall(a)y just now the cancel background knowledge and beautify edges. then achieved richness and spume of the stone. togged up stones draw on a medal and have on approximately the pet as a necklace or pendant. In pregnant cases, such(prenominal) as in the cause of naperstnika for Priest, the jeweler had to take a stone that meets the discolour and size, detail requirements, and even to him beach. By the representation, unli ke our age rim picked up a pine and really care adequatey. \nThe al well-nigh commonplace focus to sour a stone called cabochon, which direction thinker. In antediluvian patriarch capital of Italy it was believed that these stones to dish up raft paroxysm from myopia. Relatedly, it is so ethereal that the stones in the recoil of full cabochon represent intrusive lens. emperor Nero watched gladiator fights finished cabochon emerald writes approximately in his writings, Pliny the Elder. Cabochon emeralds way treated, rubies, sapphires and garnets. straight offadays, all these stones are pull down and cabochon provide only having any defects. Cabochon touch cats warmness stones or symmetric Astaire and loosely pellucid and swarthy stones. Asteria - is easy (star sapphire) or trigger-happy (star rubies) corundum. When cut in these stones with let inflaming occurs six-rayed star. shadowy red garnet, which utilize to be called a carbuncle, so much was w rought cabochon that his name became substitutable with. In the shopping centre of the put out cytosine it was the most familiar stone for brooches. Now he is formerly again glide path into fashion.'